Genetically Modified Organisms in the Food Industry

What is Biotechnology and GMOs?

From the background that I have had, I have some idea of what biotechnology and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are.  To me, biotechnology is the use of biochemistry for the use of applications.  This would mean that genetically engineered is the manipulating of genetic material for a specific purpose for useful applications for mankind.

However, the USDA has different definitions for biotechnology and genetic engineering.  The USDA does not specifically define biotechnology.  From the page, biotechnology is using genetically engineered crops to increase yield, lower crop production costs/management time savings, and other benefits.  The page does not provide any definition of genetic engineering nor mention anything about genetically modified organisms.  Instead, it substitutes GMO for genetically engineered crops.  
Biotechnology in the USDA

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WHO, EU and GMOs on the Environment
WHO 20 Questions on GMOs 

WHO (World Health Organization) defines genetically modified organisms as organisms in which the genetic material has been altered in a way that does not naturally occur.  WHO also defines as biotechnology as the technology used to create GMOs.  Comparing these definitions compared to the USDA's, these are more set in stone and have a true definition to them.

The EU has extensive legislature for produce GM crops.  This correlates to the public of the EU's view on GM foods.  The EU is concerned over the safety of their foods and thinking that biotechnology can lead to new species of crops.


There is a concern that GMOs can introduce new genes into the environment and “evolve” other species.  People are concerned that the target gene affects more than its intended target (i.e. a crop that is supposed to kill insects may as well kill rodents).  There is speculation on the stability of these genes, will biodiversity be lost, and could there be an increased use of chemicals in nature.

 

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The Harsh New Reality for Biotech Food: Show Consumer Benefits or Else
CBS News 

According to this article, GMOs have a potential use in our food industry.  Crops can be genetically altered to be more nutrious to human health.  However, companies such as Monsanto and DuPont, who hold the rights to certain GMOs, are not showing an initiative to create such crops.  Monsanto and DuPont are the sole beneficiaries on GMOs and companies such as Sara Lee and Hostess Brands (who is now out of business) do not benefit.

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